At
Old Icelandic Dictionary - atMeaning of Old Icelandic word "at" in English.
As defined by A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic (Geir Zoëga):
at Old Icelandic word can mean:
- at
- I) prep.
- at
- A. with dative.
- at
- I. Of motion;
- at
- 1) towards, against;
- at
- Otkell laut at Skamkatli, bowed down to S.;
- at
- hann sneri egginni at Ásgrími, turned the edge against A.;
- at
- 2) close atup to;
- at
- Brynjólfr gengr alit at honum, quite up to him;
- at
- þeir kómust aldri at honum, they could never get near him, to close quarters with him;
- at
- 3) to, at;
- at
- koma at landi, to come to land;
- at
- ganga at dómi, to go into court;
- at
- 4) along (= eptir);
- at
- ganga at stræti, to walk along the street;
- at
- dreki er niðr fór at ánni (went down the river) fyrir strauminum;
- at
- refr dró hörpu at ísi, on the ice;
- at
- 5) denoting hostility;
- at
- renna (sœkja) at e-m, to rush at, assault;
- at
- gerði þá at þeim þoku mikla, they were overtaken by a thick fog;
- at
- 6) around;
- at
- vefja motri at höfði sér, to wrap a veil round one’s head;
- at
- bera grjót at e-m, to heap stones upon the body;
- at
- 7) denoting business, engagement;
- at
- ríða at hrossum, at sauðum, to go looking after horses, watching sheep;
- at
- fara at landskuldum, to go collecting rents.
- at
- II. Of position, &c.;
- at
- 1) denoting presence at, near, by, upon;
- at
- at kirkju, at church;
- at
- at dómi, in court;
- at
- at lögbergi, at the hill of laws;
- at
- 2) denoting participation in;
- at
- vera at veizlu, brullaupi, to be at a banquet, wedding;
- at
- vera at vígi, to be an accessory in man-slaying;
- at
- 3) ellipt., vera at, to be about, to be busy at;
- at
- kvalararnir, er at vóru at pína hann, who were tormenting him;
- at
- var þar at kona nökkur at binda (was there busy dressing) sár manna;
- at
- 4) with proper names of places (farms);
- at
- konungr at Danmörku ok Noregi, king of;
- at
- biskup at Hólum, bishop of Holar;
- at
- at Helgafelli, at Bergþórshváli;
- at
- 5) used ellipt. with a genitive, at (a person’s) house;
- at
- at hans (at his house) gisti fjölmenni mikit;
- at
- at Marðar, at Mara’s home;
- at
- at hins beilaga Ólafs konungs, at St. Olave’s church;
- at
- at Ránar, at Ran’s (abode).
- at
- III. Of time;
- at
- 1) at, in;
- at
- at upphafi, at first, in the beginning;
- at
- at skilnaði, at parting, when they parted;
- at
- at páskum, at Easter;
- at
- at kveldi, at eventide;
- at
- at þinglausnum, at the close of the Assembly;
- at
- at fjöru, at the ebb;
- at
- at flœðum, at the floodtide;
- at
- 2) adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr’;
- at
- at ári komanda, next year;
- at
- at vári, er kemr, next spring;
- at
- generally with ‘komanda’ understood;
- at
- at sumri, hausti, vetri, vári, next summer, &c.;
- at
- 3) used with an absolute dative and present or past part.;
- at
- at sér lifanda, duing his lifetime;
- at
- at öllum ásjándum, in the sight of all;
- at
- at áheyranda höfðingjanum, in the hearing of the chief;
- at
- at upprennandi sólu, at sunrise;
- at
- at liðnum sex vikum, after six weeks are past;
- at
- at honum önduðum, after his death;
- at
- 4) denoting uninterrupted succession, after;
- at
- hverr at öðrum, annarr at öðrum, one after another;
- at
- skildu menn at þessu, thereupon, after this;
- at
- at því (thereafter) kómu aðrar meyjar.
- at
- IV. fig. and in various uses;
- at
- 1) to, into, with the notion of destruction or change;
- at
- brenna (borgina) at ösku, to burn to ashes;
- at
- verða at ormi, to become a snake;
- at
- 2) for, as;
- at
- gefa e-t at gjöf, as a present;
- at
- eiga e-n at vin, to have one as friend;
- at
- 3) by;
- at
- taka sverð at hjöltum, by the hilt;
- at
- draga út björninn at hlustunum, by the ears;
- at
- kjósa at afli, álitum, by strength, appearrance;
- at
- 4) as regards as to;
- at
- auðigr at fé, wealthy in goods;
- at
- vænn (fagr) at áliti, fair of face;
- at
- 5) as a law term, on the grounds of, by reason of;
- at
- ryðja (to challenge) dóm at mægðum, kvið at frændsemi;
- at
- 6) as a paraphrase of a genitive;
- at
- faðir, móðir at barni (= barns, of a child);
- at
- aðili at sök = aðili sakar;
- at
- 7) with adjectives denoting colour, size, age, of;
- at
- hvítr, svartr, rauðr at lit, while, black, red of colour;
- at
- mikill, lítill at stœrð, vexti, tall, small of stature;
- at
- tvítugr at aldri, twenty years of age;
- at
- kýr at fyrsta, öðrum kálfi, a cow that has calved once, twice;
- at
- 8) determining the source from which anything comes, of, from;
- at
- Ari nam ok marga frœði at Þuríði (from her);
- at
- þiggja, kaupa, geta, leigja e-t at e-m, to receive, buy, obtain, borrow a thing from one;
- at
- hafa veg (virðing) styrk at e-m, to derive honour, power, from one;
- at
- 9) according, to, after (heygðr at fornum sið);
- at
- at ráði allra vitrustu manna, by the advice of;
- at
- at landslögum, by the law of the land;
- at
- at vánum, as was to be expected;
- at
- at leyfi e-s, by one’s leave;
- at
- 10) in adverbial phrases;
- at
- gróa (vera grœddr) at heilu, to be quite healed;
- at
- bíta af allt gras at snøggu, quite bare;
- at
- at fullu, fully;
- at
- at vísu, surely;
- at
- at frjálsu, freely;
- at
- at eilífu, for ever and ever;
- at
- at röngu, at réttu, wrongly, rightly;
- at
- at líku, at sömu, equally, all the same;
- at
- at mun, at ráði, at marki, to a great extent.
- at
- B. with acc., after, upon (= eptir);
- at
- sonr á at taka arf at föður sinn, to take the inheritance after his father;
- at
- eiga féránsdóm at e-n, to hold a court of execution upon a person;
- at
- at þat (= eptir þat), after that, thereafter;
- at
- connected with a past part. or a., at Gamla fallinn, after the fall of Gamli;
- at
- at Hrungni dauðan, upon the death of Hrungnir.
- at
- II)
- at
- 1) as the simple mark of the infinitive, to;
- at
- at ganga, at ríða, at hlaupa, to walk, to ride, to run;
- at
- 2) in an objective sense;
- at
- hann bauð þeim at fara, sitja, he bade (ordered) them to go, sit;
- at
- gefa e-m at eta, at drekka, to give one to eat, to drink;
- at
- 3) denoting design or purpose, in order to (hann gekk í borg at kaupa silfr).
- at
- III)
- at
- 1) demonstrative particle before a comparative, the, all the, so much the;
- at
- hón grét at meir, she wept the more;
- at
- þykkir oss at líkara, all the more likely;
- at
- þú ert maðr at verri (so much the worse), er þú hefir þetta mælt;
- at
- 2) rel. pron., who, which, that (= er);
- at
- þeir allir, at þau tíðindi heyrðu, all those who heard;
- at
- sem þeim er títt, at (as is the custom of those who) kaupferðir reka.
- at
- IV)
- at
- conj., that;
- at
- 1) introducing a subjective or objective clause;
- at
- þat var einhverju sinni, at Höskuldr hafði vinaboð, it happened once that H.;
- at
- vilda ek, at þú réðist austr í fjörðu, I should like you to go;
- at
- 2) relative to svá, denoting proportion, degree;
- at
- svá mikill lagamaðr, at, so great a lawyer, that;
- at
- 3) with subj., denoting end or purpose, in order that (skáru þeir fyrir þá (viz. hestana) melinn, at þeir dœi eigi af sulti);
- at
- 4) since, because, as (= því at);
- at
- 5) connected with þó, því, svá;
- at
- þó at (with subj.), though, although;
- at
- því at, because, for;
- at
- svá at, so that;
- at
- 6) temp., þá at (= þá er), when;
- at
- þegar at (= þegar er), as soon as;
- at
- þar til at (= þar til er), until, till;
- at
- áðr at (= á. en), before;
- at
- 7) used superfluously after an int. pron. or adv.;
- at
- Ólafr spurði, hvern styrk at hann mundi fá honum, what help he was likely to give him;
- at
- in a relative sense; með fullkomnum ávexti, hverr at (which) þekkr ok þægiligr mun verða.
- at
- V)
- at
- negative verbal suffix, = ata; var-at, was not.
- at
- VI)
- at
- n. an incited conflict or fight (see etja);
- at
- odda at, Yggs at, battle.
Possible runic inscription in Younger Futhark:ᛅᛏ
Abbreviations used:
- e-m
- einhverjum.
- e-t
- eitthvat.
- e-s
- einhvers.
- acc.
- accusative.
- n.
- neuter.
- conj.
- conjunction.
- subj.
- subjunctive.
- adv.
- adverb.