At

Old Icelandic Dictionary - at

Meaning of Old Icelandic word "at" in English.

As defined by A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic (Geir Zoëga):

at Old Icelandic word can mean:

at
I) prep.
at
A. with dative.
at
I. Of motion;
at
1) towards, against;
at
Otkell laut at Skamkatli, bowed down to S.;
at
hann sneri egginni at Ásgrími, turned the edge against A.;
at
2) close atup to;
at
Brynjólfr gengr alit at honum, quite up to him;
at
þeir kómust aldri at honum, they could never get near him, to close quarters with him;
at
3) to, at;
at
koma at landi, to come to land;
at
ganga at dómi, to go into court;
at
4) along (= eptir);
at
ganga at stræti, to walk along the street;
at
dreki er niðr fór at ánni (went down the river) fyrir strauminum;
at
refr dró hörpu at ísi, on the ice;
at
5) denoting hostility;
at
renna (sœkja) at e-m, to rush at, assault;
at
gerði þá at þeim þoku mikla, they were overtaken by a thick fog;
at
6) around;
at
vefja motri at höfði sér, to wrap a veil round one’s head;
at
bera grjót at e-m, to heap stones upon the body;
at
7) denoting business, engagement;
at
ríða at hrossum, at sauðum, to go looking after horses, watching sheep;
at
fara at landskuldum, to go collecting rents.
at
II. Of position, &c.;
at
1) denoting presence at, near, by, upon;
at
at kirkju, at church;
at
at dómi, in court;
at
at lögbergi, at the hill of laws;
at
2) denoting participation in;
at
vera at veizlu, brullaupi, to be at a banquet, wedding;
at
vera at vígi, to be an accessory in man-slaying;
at
3) ellipt., vera at, to be about, to be busy at;
at
kvalararnir, er at vóru at pína hann, who were tormenting him;
at
var þar at kona nökkur at binda (was there busy dressing) sár manna;
at
4) with proper names of places (farms);
at
konungr at Danmörku ok Noregi, king of;
at
biskup at Hólum, bishop of Holar;
at
at Helgafelli, at Bergþórshváli;
at
5) used ellipt. with a genitive, at (a person’s) house;
at
at hans (at his house) gisti fjölmenni mikit;
at
at Marðar, at Mara’s home;
at
at hins beilaga Ólafs konungs, at St. Olave’s church;
at
at Ránar, at Ran’s (abode).
at
III. Of time;
at
1) at, in;
at
at upphafi, at first, in the beginning;
at
at skilnaði, at parting, when they parted;
at
at páskum, at Easter;
at
at kveldi, at eventide;
at
at þinglausnum, at the close of the Assembly;
at
at fjöru, at the ebb;
at
at flœðum, at the floodtide;
at
2) adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr’;
at
at ári komanda, next year;
at
at vári, er kemr, next spring;
at
generally with ‘komanda’ understood;
at
at sumri, hausti, vetri, vári, next summer, &c.;
at
3) used with an absolute dative and present or past part.;
at
at sér lifanda, duing his lifetime;
at
at öllum ásjándum, in the sight of all;
at
at áheyranda höfðingjanum, in the hearing of the chief;
at
at upprennandi sólu, at sunrise;
at
at liðnum sex vikum, after six weeks are past;
at
at honum önduðum, after his death;
at
4) denoting uninterrupted succession, after;
at
hverr at öðrum, annarr at öðrum, one after another;
at
skildu menn at þessu, thereupon, after this;
at
at því (thereafter) kómu aðrar meyjar.
at
IV. fig. and in various uses;
at
1) to, into, with the notion of destruction or change;
at
brenna (borgina) at ösku, to burn to ashes;
at
verða at ormi, to become a snake;
at
2) for, as;
at
gefa e-t at gjöf, as a present;
at
eiga e-n at vin, to have one as friend;
at
3) by;
at
taka sverð at hjöltum, by the hilt;
at
draga út björninn at hlustunum, by the ears;
at
kjósa at afli, álitum, by strength, appearrance;
at
4) as regards as to;
at
auðigr at fé, wealthy in goods;
at
vænn (fagr) at áliti, fair of face;
at
5) as a law term, on the grounds of, by reason of;
at
ryðja (to challenge) dóm at mægðum, kvið at frændsemi;
at
6) as a paraphrase of a genitive;
at
faðir, móðir at barni (= barns, of a child);
at
aðili at sök = aðili sakar;
at
7) with adjectives denoting colour, size, age, of;
at
hvítr, svartr, rauðr at lit, while, black, red of colour;
at
mikill, lítill at stœrð, vexti, tall, small of stature;
at
tvítugr at aldri, twenty years of age;
at
kýr at fyrsta, öðrum kálfi, a cow that has calved once, twice;
at
8) determining the source from which anything comes, of, from;
at
Ari nam ok marga frœði at Þuríði (from her);
at
þiggja, kaupa, geta, leigja e-t at e-m, to receive, buy, obtain, borrow a thing from one;
at
hafa veg (virðing) styrk at e-m, to derive honour, power, from one;
at
9) according, to, after (heygðr at fornum sið);
at
at ráði allra vitrustu manna, by the advice of;
at
at landslögum, by the law of the land;
at
at vánum, as was to be expected;
at
at leyfi e-s, by one’s leave;
at
10) in adverbial phrases;
at
gróa (vera grœddr) at heilu, to be quite healed;
at
bíta af allt gras at snøggu, quite bare;
at
at fullu, fully;
at
at vísu, surely;
at
at frjálsu, freely;
at
at eilífu, for ever and ever;
at
at röngu, at réttu, wrongly, rightly;
at
at líku, at sömu, equally, all the same;
at
at mun, at ráði, at marki, to a great extent.
at
B. with acc., after, upon (= eptir);
at
sonr á at taka arf at föður sinn, to take the inheritance after his father;
at
eiga féránsdóm at e-n, to hold a court of execution upon a person;
at
at þat (= eptir þat), after that, thereafter;
at
connected with a past part. or a., at Gamla fallinn, after the fall of Gamli;
at
at Hrungni dauðan, upon the death of Hrungnir.
at
II)
at
1) as the simple mark of the infinitive, to;
at
at ganga, at ríða, at hlaupa, to walk, to ride, to run;
at
2) in an objective sense;
at
hann bauð þeim at fara, sitja, he bade (ordered) them to go, sit;
at
gefa e-m at eta, at drekka, to give one to eat, to drink;
at
3) denoting design or purpose, in order to (hann gekk í borg at kaupa silfr).
at
III)
at
1) demonstrative particle before a comparative, the, all the, so much the;
at
hón grét at meir, she wept the more;
at
þykkir oss at líkara, all the more likely;
at
þú ert maðr at verri (so much the worse), er þú hefir þetta mælt;
at
2) rel. pron., who, which, that (= er);
at
þeir allir, at þau tíðindi heyrðu, all those who heard;
at
sem þeim er títt, at (as is the custom of those who) kaupferðir reka.
at
IV)
at
conj., that;
at
1) introducing a subjective or objective clause;
at
þat var einhverju sinni, at Höskuldr hafði vinaboð, it happened once that H.;
at
vilda ek, at þú réðist austr í fjörðu, I should like you to go;
at
2) relative to svá, denoting proportion, degree;
at
svá mikill lagamaðr, at, so great a lawyer, that;
at
3) with subj., denoting end or purpose, in order that (skáru þeir fyrir þá (viz. hestana) melinn, at þeir dœi eigi af sulti);
at
4) since, because, as (= því at);
at
5) connected with þó, því, svá;
at
þó at (with subj.), though, although;
at
því at, because, for;
at
svá at, so that;
at
6) temp., þá at (= þá er), when;
at
þegar at (= þegar er), as soon as;
at
þar til at (= þar til er), until, till;
at
áðr at (= á. en), before;
at
7) used superfluously after an int. pron. or adv.;
at
Ólafr spurði, hvern styrk at hann mundi fá honum, what help he was likely to give him;
at
in a relative sense; með fullkomnum ávexti, hverr at (which) þekkr ok þægiligr mun verða.
at
V)
at
negative verbal suffix, = ata; var-at, was not.
at
VI)
at
n. an incited conflict or fight (see etja);
at
odda at, Yggs at, battle.

Possible runic inscription in Younger Futhark:ᛅᛏ

Abbreviations used:

e-m
einhverjum.
e-t
eitthvat.
e-s
einhvers.
acc.
accusative.
n.
neuter.
conj.
conjunction.
subj.
subjunctive.
adv.
adverb.
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