Í

Old Icelandic Dictionary - í

Meaning of Old Icelandic word "í" in English.

As defined by A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic (Geir Zoëga):

í Old Icelandic word can mean:

í
prep.
í
I. with dat.,
í
1) in, within; fela fé sitt í jörðu, to hide one’s money in the earth; fastir í vellinum, fast in the ground; vera í sveit, to live in a district; í öðrum löndum, in other lands;
í
2) with local names (í Orkneyjum, í Laxárdal, í Borgarfirði, etc.);
í
3) in a certain spot; í einum stað, í þeim (hverjum) stað, in one, that (every) place; standa í höggfœri, within sword’s reach;
í
4) in, among; í valnum, among the slain;
í
5) of clothes; vera í, to have on, wear (hann var í blám stakki, í litklæðum);
í
6) during, in; þenna vetr í jólum, during Yule; í sumri (hausti), this summer (autumn); í því bili, in that moment; í því er Gunnar stendr upp, at the very moment when G. rises;
í
7) denoting action, state, condition; vera í för með e-m, to travel in one’s company; vera í víkingu, to be engaged in freebooting; í trausti e-s, in his trust, under his protection; vera í góðu yfirlæti, to be in good quarters, live well; liggja í úviti, to lie in a swoon; vera í góðu (illu) skapi, to be in good (ill) humour;
í
8) in respect of, in regard to; roskinn í orðum, mature in words; léttr í máli, cheerful in speech; í öllum mannraunum, in all trials;
í
9) denoting form or content, in; at eigi hafi komit til Noregs meiri gørsemi í skikkju, such a jewel of a cloak; fé er í því there is value in it; Hallr kvað góðan kost í henni, H. said she was a good match; hvat er íþví? how is that? what is the matter?
í
10) by means of, through (opt kaupir sér í litlu lof);
í
11) equivalent to a gen. or poss. pron.; hann braut hrygg í henni, he broke her back; hann knýtir saman alla halana í nautunum, all the cows’ tails;
í
II. with acc.,
í
1) in, into (spjótit fló niðr í völlinn); leggja e-t í kistu, to put into a chest (coffin); steinninn kom í höfuð honum, the stone hit him in the head; sigla (láta) í haf, to stand out to sea; var þat sagt Gunnari inn í búðina, word was carried into the booth to Gunnar; giptast í önnur lönd, to marry into other countries, marry an alien; deyja Mælifell, to pass into M. after death; þórðr svaf ok horfði í lopt upp, with his face turned upwards;
í
2) of time; in, during; í þat mund, at that hour; í nótt, this night; í vetr, this winter; í (= um) fjórtán vetr, for fourteen winters;
í
3) denoting entrance into a state, condition, in, into; ganga íbönd ok eiða, to enter into bonds and oaths; falla í úvit, to fall into a swoom; taka e-n í frið, to pardon one; bjóða búum í setu, to call on the neighbours to take their seats;
í
4) denoting change into; skjöldrinn klofnaði í tvá hluti, split in two; brotna í spán, to be shivered to pieces; verja fé sínu í lausaeyri, to convert one’s property into movables;
í
5) denoting the object, purpose, etc.; gjalda í sonarbœtr, to pay as the son’s weregild; þiggja e-t vingjafir, to accept as a friend’s gift; kaupa e-t í skuld, to buy on credit; gøra e-t í hag (vil) e-m, to do something in one’s favour.

Possible runic inscription in Younger Futhark:

Abbreviations used:

dat.
dative.
etc.
et cetera.
e-m
einhverjum.
e-s
einhvers.
gen.
genitive.
n.
neuter.
acc.
accusative.
e-t
eitthvat.
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